Technologically Transparent Experiences: When Technology Serves the Spirit

In an era where augmented reality, virtual environments, and gamified interactions are becoming increasingly common at heritage sites, a pressing question arises: How can we integrate technology without undermining authenticity or diminishing the human connection? How do we ensure that technology does not become a barrier between the visitor and the spirit of the place?

A recent study conducted by researchers, architects, site staff, and UX specialists in England offers an answer: by designing “technologically transparent experiences”—interpretive strategies in which digital tools blend seamlessly into the story, the artifacts, and the atmosphere of the site, not as gimmicks, but as tools that deepen understanding and engagement.

The research is grounded in a project at Glastonbury Abbey, a historic monastic site in England that continues to serve as a space for spiritual reflection and pilgrimage. Based on this case study, six design principles for technologically transparent interpretation could be determined:

1. Material-First Design

Rather than relying on QR codes or handheld screens, the project incorporated original stone fragments from the abbey’s architecture as interpretive stations. These authentic materials reinforced a sense of place and truth, avoiding intrusive technological artifacts that could disrupt the contemplative or spiritual experience.

2. Culturally Contextual Narrative

The digital app was grounded in a meaningful theological concept: the idea of a “Thin Place”—a space where the boundary between the physical and spiritual realms is particularly permeable. Instead of using language like “magic” or “time travel,” the interpretive voice reflected cultural depth and spiritual sensitivity, resonating with visitors from diverse belief systems.

3. Sensitive Integration into Physical Space

Digital activations were deliberately placed in neutral zones, distanced from areas used for prayer or reflection. This allowed visitors to engage with the site in silence or ritual without interference, maintaining a respectful balance between innovation and reverence.

4. Restrained Aesthetics

The app’s visual language and AR simulations were designed to reflect the site’s historical character, featuring rough textures, warm tones, and objects that appear worn by time. This approach avoided flashy or sterile graphics, fostering a more grounded and believable experience.

5. Shared, Not Solitary, User Experience

Instead of isolating users in individual screen-based experiences, the app encouraged collaborative play among families: solving audio-based puzzles, searching for clues together, and listening to historical characters. The result was not just learning, but a socially engaging and emotionally resonant visit.

6. Human Voice and Emotional Storytelling

Through recorded voices of historical characters—men, women, children, and servants—the experience cultivated empathy. Each voice was tied to a specific authentic object, creating a bridge between past and present, between archaeology and emotion.

This transparent approach to technology is not anti-digital. Rather, it calls for respectful design—technology that connects to the site's cultural narrative, material identity, and the emotional journey of its visitors. The key lesson from Glastonbury Abbey is that technology can serve as a bridge, not a barrier, when rooted in authenticity, cultural sensitivity, and a restrained, respectful presence that honours place and story.

Based on the paper:

Gilchrist, R., Bell, J., Book, A., Fear, C., Hinkin, O., Hobbs, S., Matravers, J., Meggitt, J., Phillips, N., & Ruhlig, V. (2025) Immersive sacred heritage: enchantment through authenticity at Glastonbury Abbey, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 31:7, 857-877,

DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2025.2496888